Viral Conjunctivitis
Viral conjunctivitis is usually caused by the same viruses associated with the common cold, mainly the adenovirus. Conjunctivitis can affect one eye or both eyes and is extremely contagious. Symptoms of viral conjunctivitis include eye redness, swollen eye lids, watery eyes, itchy eyes, and eye discharge. Viral conjunctivitis clears on its own with time, usually varying from one week to a few weeks. Some doctors may prescribe drops to alleviate symptoms. Warm compresses can also be applied to the closed eye to help relieve symptoms. 

Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Unlike Viral conjunctivitis, bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by bacteria. A doctor will prescribe an antibiotic, usually in the form of drops or ointment to treat the infection and kill the bacteria. Symptoms are similar to viral conjunctivitis, yet more pronounced and include heavy eye discharge that can vary in color from yellow to green. Sometimes crust forms on the eyelids and eyelashes. Using a warm compress helps to gently remove the discharge and crust. Symptoms will begin to subside within a few days of antibiotic treatment. 

Allergic Conjunctivitis
Allergic conjunctivitis is caused by allergens and is not contagious. Some allergens include: pollen, dust, cosmetics, smoke, and chemicals. Symptoms include: red eyes, itching, excessive tearing, and eyelid swelling. Treatment for allergic conjunctivitis may include one or more of the following: ocular antihistamines, ocular decongestants, and ocular steroids. To prevent a recurrence of allergic conjunctivitis, avoid exposure to environmental allergens and vacuum often to minimize dust and household allergens. When exposed to smoke and chemicals be sure to be in a well-ventilated area.

Proper care should be taken to prevent the spread of viral and bacterial conjunctivitis to others. Frequent hand washing, refraining from touching the infected eye, and avoiding sharing personal items that can come in contact with the eyes is essential. To prevent future infections, wash pillow cases and towels frequently and replace eye cosmetics as suggested by the manufacturer. Special care should be taken for contact lens wearers. Doctors may recommend suspending use until the conjunctivitis has cleared. Contact lenses are usually safe to wear once the symptoms have subsided. To prevent being re-infected, dispose of contact lens cases and accessories.