Anyone can develop gout, although men are much more likely to contract the condition than women. Heredity plays a role in the development of the disease, as well as obesity, high blood pressure, and alcohol consumption. A diet high in purine-rich foods, such as red meat, cola, cheese, and whole milk, can be a contributing factor to the overabundance of monosodium urate (uric acid) in the body. For this reason, gout is often referred to as a "rich man's disease".

Symptoms of Gout

Gout may be confused with other arthritic conditions, such as systemic lupus, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. The symptoms of gout, though similar to these other diseases, are unique in their onset, location, and duration. Gout is often associated with several other debilitating diseases as well.

Gout Onset

Although gout can be a chronic condition, its onset is often abrupt and unexpected. Severe, crippling pain may occur overnight in any of the body's joints. This pain is often accompanied by fever, chills, and red-hot, swollen skin in the affected area. Gout commonly affects only one joint at a time. Symptoms may last from several days to several weeks, and usually subside on their own.

Gout Location and Duration

The metatarsal-phalangeal joint (base of the big toe) is the hallmark location for gout to appear, although it can also affect the ankles, knees, elbows, fingers, and other joints. Affected joints may balloon to twice their normal size, creating a dramatic, gnarled appearance. A person suffering gout in the big toe may find it difficult or impossible to walk. Gout in the fingers and other joints may severely limit one's functional mobility.

Associated Diseases

Patients with gout may also be diagnosed with metabolic syndrome, a condition in which a person's cholesterol, body fat, blood pressure, and insulin levels are dangerously high. Having metabolic syndrome increases a person's chance of suffering a heart attack, stroke, and diabetes. Fortunately, the conditions of metabolic syndrome may be tempered by positive lifestyle changes and medication.

Gout is also associated with kidney disease and the formation of kidney stones. Diseased kidneys are less able to filter harmful uric acid from the blood, which results in the formation of stones.

Persons who suspect they may have gout should contact a physician immediately. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications may be prescribed to decrease painful swelling. A drug called Allopurinol may be used to help decrease high uric acid levels. With the proper diagnosis and treatment, gout sufferers can improve their chances for a healthy, pain-free life.